What are the chemical properties of spandex fibers?
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1. Overview of spandex chemical properties Spandex is resistant to reducing agents, hydrogen peroxide-resistant oxygen bleaching, low-concentration acid and alkali, dry cleaning (such as tetrachloroethylene, carbon tetrachloride, etc.), not resistant to chlorine, high polarity Organic oil agents (such as dimethylformamide DMF, dimethylacetamide DMA, cyclohexanone, phenol, etc.)
Under normal conditions, polyether spandex has good alkali resistance, but is less resistant to chlorine and heat oxidation; polyester spandex is better resistant to chlorine and heat and oxidation, but has poor alkali resistance.
Spandex is classified according to the molecular structure: a mosaic copolymer of aromatic diisocyanate and a polyester segment containing a hydroxyl group (polyester spandex), and an aromatic diisocyanate and a polyether segment inlaid copolymer containing a hydroxyl group (referred to as poly Ether type spandex).
2. Chlorine resistance of spandex Sodium hypochlorite will cause serious damage to spandex. Therefore, spandex is not resistant to chlorine.
That is to say, chlorine chloride, sodium hypochlorite, sodium chlorite, etc., which contain effective chlorine, cause damage to the strength of the spandex.
Available chlorine: refers to chlorine with oxidizing power.
The higher the effective chlorine content, the more severe the damage to spandex (this is a nonsense)
Under the same conditions of effective chlorine, the lower the PH value, the more severe the damage of spandex.
Effective chlorine will remain on the spandex and cause "storage damage"
In swimming pools containing available chlorine, swimwear with spandex has a reduced service life due to "immediate damage" and "storage damage" to the available chlorine.
3. The alkali resistance of spandex is different from the alkali resistance of cotton fiber. The cotton fiber is treated with high concentration of alkali or mercerizing, and the strength will be improved; the high concentration of alkaline condition will make the spandex lower.
For polyether spandex, experiments have shown that it can be padded and steamed with 40g/L NaOH, but it is slightly damaged. The damage of the large bath to the spandex before the dyeing is greater than that of the flat long car.
At room temperature, the polyether spandex can be treated with 25% concentrated NaOH for a short period of time, that is, the cotton ammonia fabric can be mercerized.
4, under the acidic acid condition of spandex, the spandex strength will also be slightly reduced, and accompanied by yellowing. But relatively speaking, the acid resistance of spandex is better than alkali resistance.
PS: Because the strength of cotton fibers will decrease under acidic conditions, cotton/ammonia fabrics or yarns should be selected as much as possible for polishing.
5, the actual production of spandex should pay attention to the spandex fabric in the dyeing and finishing process, try to avoid chlorine bleaching, avoid high concentration of alkaline conditions, too low pH value, avoid contact with high polarity organic solvents, if the production encounters spandex drop A strong problem, the chemical angle can be analyzed from above.