Spreading the skills of Liangzhu ancestors to the world

蒋家洪在雕刻中

Jiang Jiahong is in the sculpture

反山墓出土的玉琮王以及神人兽面纹

The jade king unearthed from the anti-mountain tomb and the face of the gods

"This is a young program, how young is it? It will be five thousand years."

When watching "National Treasures", I can always hear the opening remarks of Zhang Guoli, the 001 commentator. The clouds are light and light, with a small pride.

So where is the starting point for the next five thousand years?

"One of them is the land that I guarded - Liangzhu, Yuhang District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province..." Zhou Dongyu said.

Yuxi Wang is the national treasure guarded by Zhou Dongyu. After the closing of the "National Treasures" program, he was selected as one of the nine "national treasures". Calling the king, he has his own unique charm. "The first is big, followed by the unique complexity of the ornamentation. The ancestors of the Liangzhu 5,000 years ago did not have metal jade tools, but they can engrave such a beautiful animal face pattern..." The first jade carving master Jiang Jiahong When the "Jade King" was also "fallen" like this.

1 to 1 re-enacted the anti-mountain "Jade King"

"1 mm actually engraved four or five lines..." When the Zhejiang Museum was invited to re-enact "Yu Yu Wang" in 2009, I saw the original unearthed from the anti-mountain tomb of Pingyao Town, and I was so shocked that I could not speak.

Liangzhu, a beautiful continent in the water. If it is not 80 years of archaeological layers, it is difficult to link it to the starting point of Chinese civilization. The Jade King is a powerful physical evidence. It weighs about 6500 grams, has a diameter of about 17 centimeters and a height of 8.9 centimeters. The decorative line is fine as a hairspring. It is the largest, heaviest and most exquisite workmanship of the fine jade. One, known as the "King of the King."

Jiang Jiahong said that there were no metal jade carving tools five thousand years ago. "This kind of exquisite jade may have to exhaust the life of the jade. The four sides of the carcass use relief techniques to engrave the face of the gods."

"Zhebo only needed one piece of jade king at that time. I made 12 pieces in one breath, and two of them were very satisfied. In the end, Zhebo 2 pieces were all collected." Jiang Jiahong said that in 2014, he made another set of anti-mountain 12 The unearthed jade from the tomb is more than 1,000 pieces. “It’s all 1 to 1 and every one is different.”

In the Jiangya Hongliang jade carving studio of Pingyao Town, there are a variety of jade articles with good elements, such as finished products, blanks, and products with surrounding elements. Everyday, he led two apprentices to make Liangzhu jade. "Don't look at a small pattern, at least four or five days with modern tools..."

Really so difficult? The reporter sat down in front of the workbench and picked up a semi-finished jade and a carving knife. Under the guidance of Jiang Jiahong, he began to make jade. "Be sure to grind it in the past, and use average force. Otherwise, the jade face will be uneven." The reporter tried it many times. "If the strength is always uneven, this replica will probably fail..." Jiang Jiahong said. If you don't experience it yourself, it's hard to imagine that the ancients were so polished around the clock, year after year.

“Experts say that this jade king may have been completed by a craftsman for a lifetime. I personally think it is two generations, because the knife looks like two people.” Dedicated to study Liangzhu jade carving for many years, Jiang Jiahong has his own view.

Extend "Liangzhu Civilization" to the whole world

As a native of the kiln, Jiang Jiahong lived in this place for 52 years. At the beginning, Jiang Jiahong did not make jade carvings. “When I was young, I liked to go down the street to collect some folk antiques. When I closed it, I found that many local people had the kind of chicken jade white jade. I didn’t know it was the jade in Liangzhu period. Very cheap, a small sample ranging from tens to 100." Jiang Jiahong said that with the advancement of Liangzhu archaeology, the local talents suddenly realized: It turns out that this small jade tube of the "ancestral ancestry" of the family was actually produced by the ancestors 5,000 years ago. of.

Jiang Jiahong was suddenly fascinated by Liangzhu culture. "I went to Suzhou, followed the master to learn jade carving, studied the characteristics of Liangzhu jade carving, and continued to explore according to the gourd painting." Slowly, Jiang Jiahong had a small reputation in the circle.

Since 1999, he began to copy Liangzhu jade. "I can’t remember how much it is. Anyway, there are some books in the book. I have copied it. I am still satisfied with it. There are more than 1,000 pieces." The jade mine used by Liangzhu people is Where, it is a mystery to this day, but he and the expert concluded that "it should be based on local conditions." In these years, he often climbs over the mountains in the Tianmu Mountain area, but it is difficult to find clues. Obsessed like him, he even copied a "Jade King" with expensive Hetian jade, and was said to be "mad" by his friends.

In 2011, Jiang Jiahong was identified as the second batch of Yuhang intangible cultural heritage inheritors, and also opened the inheritance and promotion of Liangzhu jade carving culture. In 2014, Jiang Jiahong, as a member of the folk artist delegation, went to the friendly city of Welt, the Netherlands for cultural and artistic exchanges. He and the Dutch sculptor jointly completed a 3m round sculpture sculpture, which was inlaid on both ends of the log.渚玉雕. The sculpture was placed in the newly completed municipal government of Welt and became a testimony to the friendship between the two places.

Through such repeated exhibitions and exchanges, Jiang Jiahong introduced Liangzhu jade carvings to more international friends.

Let the "light of Liangzhu" illuminate the heart of the child

Every Wednesday from 15:30 to 17:00, Jiang Jiahong will appear on time in the classroom of the first elementary school in Pingyao Town. Since 2012, he has been obliged to teach students the skills of Liangzhu jade carving, which is the fifth year.

The beauty of Liangzhu jade carving, the ambiguity of Liangzhu civilization, can not be hidden, let more people, especially children, to deeply understand. Jiang Jiahong's jade carving class is open to children in grades 3 to 5 with a semester cycle. This course will be blasted every time you register. Teacher Zhang Julian, who is responsible for the carving community in the bottle kiln, said, “Children like and enjoy it very much. First, it can be practiced on the spot. It is very interesting. It is also an inheritance of the local traditional civilization, and the children feel very proud.”

In the jade carving class, Jiang Jiahong provided the children with free tools such as carving knives and jade materials, and taught the children to engrave, polish, engrave, polish and other processes. After the course, these works belong to the children. A fourth-grade child said, "I have been enrolling for 3 semesters in a row. I like it very much and I feel very fulfilled."

Not only elementary school, but also junior high school. “This year, the principal of the First Middle School of Pingyao Town also communicated with me. I hope that I can also carry out a jade carving course in middle school. At present, I have purchased several machines, selected the classroom and entered the preparatory stage.” Jiang Jiahong said. Compared with primary school students, junior high school students have a higher degree of completion. He intends to let them learn more difficult processes such as cutting and drilling.

In May of this year, Jiang Jiahong and the People’s Government of Pingyao Town also planned to open the Liangzhu jade carving base. The address is in the vicinity of the small bottle kiln. In addition to the display of Liangzhu jade, there are also large classrooms facing the society. A course of Liangzhu jade carving was opened. "I hope that through my own efforts, more people will be interested in Liangzhu jade carvings, and let the crafts of the ancestors of 5,000 years pass on this land for another 5,000 years, 10,000 years..."

Reporter's notes

Are you ready to join?

Yesterday, a staff member of the Liangzhu Site Management Committee once again boarded the Yaoshan that had been counted many times because of the need for display. Among them, when it comes to a paralyzed (青青) forest.

"In the jungle surrounded by green bamboo, I found a kind of verdant green on the hillside. It is a paralyzed forest. If you happen to have seen the exhibition of Liangzhu Museum, you know that the ancient river channel is nearly 20 meters long. Large wood with a diameter of more than 50 cm, the large wooden structure of the well in front of the temple... are made of paralyzed trees. Do you think that it is 5,000 years old, but some things have not changed?"

“Is the marigold tree wild?” I asked.

The teacher specifically asked the villagers and the answer was: "It is indeed wild."

There are still things that are unchanged: the 5,000-year-old mountain has not changed, the mountain stream is smashing, the peach blossoms are sloppy, and the paralysis is straightforward; the vision of five thousand years of living and working has not changed.

So what is the change? Perhaps this is the answer that countless generations of archaeologists and generations of guardians and seekers like Jiang Jiahong are looking for.

Are you ready to join?

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